Operating above the specified load can cause catastrophic failure of track components. Higher operating speeds can be achieved by reducing axle loads and increased load-carrying capacity. The maximum axle load is determined by train speeds, weight of rails, density of sleepers and fixtures, amount and standard of ballast, and strength of bridges and earthworks. On railways, a given section of tracks is designed to support a maximum axle load. Axle load is an important design consideration in the engineering of roadways and railways, as both are designed to tolerate a maximum weight-per-axle (axle load) exceeding the maximum rated axle load will cause damage to the roadway or railway tracks. The axle load of a wheeled vehicle is the total weight bearing on the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle. Total weight bearing on the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle
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